Tools for plumbing - Wikipedia
Plumbing equipment includes devices often hidden behind walls or in utility spaces which are not seen by the general public. It includes water meters, pumps, expansion tanks, backflow preventers, water filters, UV sterilization lights, water softeners, water heaters, heat exchangers, gauges, and control systems.
Specialized plumbing tools include pipe wrenches, flaring pliers, pipe vise, pipe bending machine, pipe cutter, dies and joining tools such as soldering torches and crimp tools. New tools have been developed to help plumbers fix problems more efficiently. For example, plumbers use video cameras for inspections of hidden leaks or problems, they use hydro jets, and high pressure hydraulic pumps connected to steel cables for trench-less sewer line replacement.
Flooding from excessive rain or clogged sewers may require specialized equipment, such as a heavy duty pumper truck designed to vacuum raw sewage
Źródło: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plumbing#Equipment_and_tools
Preventing failures hydraulic
Everyone knows perfectly well that it is much better to prevent failures hydraulics rather than repair them. To that just might be, it is the right approach to these issues and the efficient use of hydraulic installations, so you should find out what it is. First of all, at the beginning we should take care to choose a good system, a proven company and its installation to hire professionals. Later you need to be more regular periodic reviews and monitor the status of pipes and other parts of the system, and if you get even a small problem, it is always worth call a specialist, who immediately take care of him. Thus we avoid serious accidents which repair is often very expensive.
Gaskets - encyclopedically explained
Gaskets are mechanical seals, usually formed like a ring and used for sealing of flange joints. In general, gaskets should not be reused. Various types of gaskets are available depending upon their construction, materials, and features. The following are the type of gaskets commonly used:
Non-Metallic Gaskets (ASME B 16.21)
Spiral-Wound Gaskets (ASME B 16.20)
Ring Joint Gaskets (ASME B 16.20)
Non-Metallic Gaskets are used with flat face or raised face flanges. Spiral-Wound Gaskets are used with raised face flanges. They are available with an inner ring and outer ring, which is also known as the cantering ring. Ring Joint Gaskets are used with Ring Type Joint (RTJ) flanges. They are available in octagonal or oval cross sections.
A very high surface stress is developed between an RTJ gasket and the flange groove when RTJ is bolted up in a flange. This leads to plastic deformation of the gasket. Thus, the hardness of the gasket is kept less than the hardness of the groove to achieve coining i.e. bringing two metal surfaces of different hardness so tightly together that the softer surface deforms to match harder surface exactly in shape and finish. Hence RTJ gaskets are not recommended for reuse.
Źródło: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piping_and_plumbing_fitting